John Gottman’s Four Horsemen are four communication patterns that reliably predict relationship breakdown: criticism, contempt, defensiveness, and stonewalling. These patterns also show up in texting — often earlier than people realize.
How do you spot Four Horsemen?
Four Horsemen often shows up more subtly in text than in real life. The signs are there — but only once you know what to look for.
→ Signs of Four Horsemen while texting →
What can you do right now?
If you are dealing with Four Horsemen in real time, there are concrete steps you can take before the situation escalates.
→ Emergency steps for Four Horsemen →
Is it really Four Horsemen?
Not everything that looks like Four Horsemen actually is. Sometimes a different pattern sits underneath it — and the right reaction changes completely.
→ Is it Four Horsemen — or something else? →
Related concepts
These patterns often show up together with Four Horsemen:
Real situations
Analysed cases connected to Four Horsemen: